🧬 Biology & Medicine Master's

CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing: Mechanisms, Applications and Governance

711 words 3 min read 3 views Added 21 Aug 2026

CRISPR-Cas9 reduced the cost of targeted genome editing by orders of magnitude, which turned a technical question into a governance question almost overnight. This paper explains the underlying mechanism, surveys therapeutic applications now in trials, and analyses why the somatic/germline distinction has held as the primary regulatory boundary despite sustained pressure on it.

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What's inside

1 Abstract
2 Bacterial Immunity as a Molecular Tool
3 Mechanism: Guide RNA, PAM and Double-Strand Breaks
4 Off-Target Effects and Fidelity Engineering
5 Therapeutic Applications in Trial
6 The Somatic/Germline Boundary
7 Conclusion
8 References

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