Biology & Medicine

Molecular biology, physiology, genetics and public health.

2 papers available

Biology & Medicine Master's

Antimicrobial Resistance: Drivers, Surveillance and Policy Response

Antimicrobial resistance is a collective-action problem wearing the costume of a clinical one. This paper reviews the selection pressures driving resistance across human and agricultural use, evaluates the surveillance infrastructure that exists to detect it, and argues that stewardship programmes fail predictably wherever prescribing incentives are not addressed alongside them.

701 words 3 min read 1,200 tokens to unlock

Biology & Medicine Master's

CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing: Mechanisms, Applications and Governance

CRISPR-Cas9 reduced the cost of targeted genome editing by orders of magnitude, which turned a technical question into a governance question almost overnight. This paper explains the underlying mechanism, surveys therapeutic applications now in trials, and analyses why the somatic/germline distinction has held as the primary regulatory boundary despite sustained pressure on it.

711 words 3 min read 1,200 tokens to unlock